References
You can find more information on our web, so please take a look.
Chen, C. C., Huang, Y. L., Sun, C. M., and Shen, C. C. New prenylflavones from the leaves of Epimedium saggitatum. J Nat.Prod. ;59(4):412-414. View abstract.
Chen, C., Sha, M., Yang, S., and Zhang, Z. [Quantitative study of magnoflorine in Epimedium koreanum Nakai.]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;21(11):681-2, 704. View abstract.
Chen, H. L., Wang, J. K., Zhang, L. L., and Wu, Z. Y. [Contents of general flavonoides in Epimedium acuminatum Franch. and its differently-processed products]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;25(4):239-241. View abstract.
Chen, K. M., Ge, B. F., Ma, H. P., and Zheng, R. L. The serum of rats administered flavonoid extract from Epimedium sagittatum but not the extract itself enhances the development of rat calvarial osteoblast-like cells in vitro. Pharmazie ;59(1):61-64. View abstract.
Chen, M. D., Kuang, A. K., and Chen, J. L. [Influence of yang-restoring herb medicines upon metabolism of thyroid hormone in normal rats and a drug administration schedule]. Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. ;9(2):93-5, 70. View abstract.
Chen, X., Zhou, M., and Wang, J. [Effect of epimedium sagittatum on soluble IL-2 receptor and IL-6 levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis]. Zhonghua Nei Ke.Za Zhi. ;34(2):102-104. View abstract.
Cheng, Q. L., Chen, X. M., and Shi, S. Z. [Effects of Epimedium sagittatum on immunopathology and extracellular matrices in rats with chronic renal insufficiency]. Zhonghua Nei Ke.Za Zhi. ;33(2):83-86. View abstract.
Chiba, K., Yamazaki, M., Umegaki, E., Li, M. R., Xu, Z. W., Terada, S., Taka, M., Naoi, N., and Mohri, T. Neuritogenesis of herbal (+)- and (-)-syringaresinols separated by chiral HPLC in PC12h and Neuro2a cells. Biol.Pharm Bull ;25(6):791-793. View abstract.
Dong, X. P., Xiao, C. H., Zhang, R., and Li, W. [Chemical studies of Epimedium acuminatum Franch]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;19(10):614-5, 639. View abstract.
Gao, B., Yu, J., and Xiao, P. [Chemical constituents from the aerial part of Epimedium brevicornum Maxim.]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;21(5):290-2, 319. View abstract.
Guo, B. and Xiao, P. [Determination of flavonoids in different parts of five epimedium plants]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;21(9):523-5, 574. View abstract.
Guo, B., Yu, J., and Xiao, P. [Chemical constituents from the whole plant of Epimedium fargesii Franch.]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;21(6):353-5, 383. View abstract.
Hu, B. H., Zhou, L. D., and Liu, Y. L. [Acuminatin from the aerial part of Epimedium acuminatum]. Yao Xue.Xue.Bao. ;27(5):397-400. View abstract.
Iinuma, M., Tanaka, T., Sakakibara, N., Mizuno, M., Matsuda, H., Shiomoto, H., and Kubo, M. [Phagocytic activity of leaves of Epimedium species on mouse reticuloendotherial system]. Yakugaku Zasshi ;110(3):179-185. View abstract.
Jia, X., Wu, J., and Mao, Q. [Chemical constituents of the root of Epimedium acumiantum Franch]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;23(3):162-4, 192. View abstract.
Kuroda, M., Mimaki, Y., Sashida, Y., Umegaki, E., Yamazaki, M., Chiba, K., Mohri, T., Kitahara, M., Yasuda, A., Naoi, N., Xu, Z. W., and Li, M. R. Flavonol glycosides from Epimedium sagittatum and their neurite outgrowth activity on PC12h cells. Planta Med ;66(6):575-577. View abstract.
Lee, M. K., Choi, Y. J., Sung, S. H., Shin, D. I., Kim, J. W., and Kim, Y. C. Antihepatotoxic activity of icariin, a major constituent of Epimedium koreanum. Planta Med ;61(6):523-526. View abstract.
Li, J., Lee, L., Gong, Y., Shen, P., Wong, S. P., Wise, S. D., and Yong, E. L. Bioassays for estrogenic activity: development and validation of estrogen receptor (ERalpha/ERbeta) and breast cancer proliferation bioassays to measure serum estrogenic activity in clinical studies. Assay.Drug Dev.Technol. ;7(1):80-89. View abstract.
Li, S. Y., Ping, G., Geng, L., Seow, W. K., and Thong, Y. H. Immunopharmacology and toxicology of the plant flavonoid baohuoside-1 in mice. Int J Immunopharmacol. ;16(3):227-231. View abstract.
Li, W. K., Pan, J. Q., Lu, M. J., Xiao, P. G., and Zhang, R. Y. Anhydroicaritin 3-O-rhamnosyl(1-->2)rhamnoside from epimedium koreanum and a reappraisal of other rhamnosyl(1-->2, 1-->3 and 1-->4)rhamnoside structures. Phytochemistry ;42(1):213-216. View abstract.
Li, W. K., Xiao, P. G., Tu, G. Z., Ma, L. B., and Zhang, R. Y. Flavonol glycosides from Epimedium koreanum. Phytochemistry ;38(1):263-265. View abstract.
Li, W. K., Zhang, R. Y., and Xiao, P. G. Flavonoids from Epimedium wanshanense. Phytochemistry ;43(2):527-530. View abstract.
Li, W., Guo, B., Xiao, P., Pan, J., Lu, M., and Zhang, R. [Chemical constituents of Epimedium wanshanense S. Z. He et Guo]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;21(10):614-6, 640. View abstract.
Liao, H. J., Chen, X. M., and Li, W. G. [Effect of Epimedium sagittatum on quality of life and cellular immunity in patients of hemodialysis maintenance]. Zhongguo Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. ;15(4):202-204. View abstract.
Liu, T. Z., Chen, C. Y., Yiin, S. J., Chen, C. H., Cheng, J. T., Shih, M. K., Wang, Y. S., and Chern, C. L. Molecular mechanism of cell cycle blockage of hepatoma SK-Hep-1 cells by Epimedin C through suppression of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and increased expression of CDK inhibitors p21(Cip1) and p27(Kip1). Food Chem Toxicol. ;44(2):227-235. View abstract.
Ma, A., Qi, S., Xu, D., Zhang, X., Daloze, P., and Chen, H. Baohuoside-1, a novel immunosuppressive molecule, inhibits lymphocyte activation in vitro and in vivo. Transplantation 9-27-;78(6):831-838. View abstract.
Oh, M. H., Houghton, P. J., Whang, W. K., and Cho, J. H. Screening of Korean herbal medicines used to improve cognitive function for anti-cholinesterase activity. Phytomedicine ;11(6):544-548. View abstract.
Sun, Y., Fung, K. P., Leung, P. C., Shi, D., and Shaw, P. C. Characterization of medicinal Epimedium species by 5S rRNA gene spacer sequencing. Planta Med ;70(3):287-288. View abstract.
Tan, X. and Weng, W. [Efficacy of epimedium compound pills in the treatment of the aged patients with kidney deficiency syndrome of ischemic cardio-cerebral vascular diseases]. Hunan.Yi.Ke.Da.Xue.Xue.Bao. ;23(5):450-452. View abstract.
Wang, T., Zhang, J. C., Chen, Y., Huang, F., Yang, M. S., and Xiao, P. G. [Comparison of antioxidative and antitumor activities of six flavonoids from Epimedium koreanum]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;32(8):715-718. View abstract.
Wang, Y. K. and Huang, Z. Q. Protective effects of icariin on human umbilical vein endothelial cell injury induced by H2O2 in vitro. Pharmacol.Res ;52(2):174-182. View abstract.
Wang, Z. Q. and Lou, Y. J. Proliferation-stimulating effects of icaritin and desmethylicaritin in MCF-7 cells. Eur.J Pharmacol. 11-19-;504(3):147-153. View abstract.
Wei, S. Y., Zhang, P. X., Yang, D. M., Zhang, H. B., and Jiang, B. G. [Traditional Chinese medicine and formulas of improving peripheral nerve regeneration]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;33(17):-. View abstract.
Wu H, Lu Y Du S Chen W Wang Y. [Comparative study on absorption kinetics in intestines of rats of epimedii foliunm of Xianlinggubao capsules prepared by different processes]. [Article in Chinese]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. ;36(19):-.
Wu, B. Y., Zou, J. H., and Meng, S. C. [Effect of wolfberry fruit and epimedium on DNA synthesis of the aging-youth 2BS fusion cells]. Zhongguo Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. ;23(12):926-928. View abstract.
Wu, H., Lien, E. J., and Lien, L. L. Chemical and pharmacological investigations of Epimedium species: a survey. Prog.Drug Res ;60:1-57. View abstract.
Yamamoto, H., Ieda, K., Tsuchiya, S., Yan, K., Tanaka, T., Iinuma, M., and Mizuno, M. Flavonol glycoside production in callus cultures of Epimedium diphyllum. Phytochemistry ;31(3):837-840. View abstract.
Yan, F. F., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. F., and Zhao, Y. X. Herba Epimedii water extract elevates estrogen level and improves lipid metabolism in postmenopausal women. Phytother.Res. ;22(9):-. View abstract.
Yap, S. P., Shen, P., Butler, M. S., Gong, Y., Loy, C. J., and Yong, E. L. New estrogenic prenylflavone from Epimedium brevicornum inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells. Planta Med ;71(2):114-119. View abstract.
Yin, X. X., Chen, Z. Q., Dang, G. T., Ma, Q. J., and Liu, Z. J. [Effects of Epimedium pubescens icariine on proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. ;30(4):289-291. View abstract.
Yong, E. L., Wong, S. P., Shen, P., Gong, Y. H., Li, J., and Hong, Y. Standardization and evaluation of botanical mixtures: lessons from a traditional Chinese herb, Epimedium, with oestrogenic properties. Novartis.Found.Symp. ;282:173-188. View abstract.
Zhao YL, Song HR Fei JX Liang Y Zhang BH Liu QP Wang J Hu P. The effects of Chinese yam-epimedium mixture on respiratory function and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Tradit Chin Med. ;32(2):203-207.
Zhao, L., Lan, L. G., Min, X. L., Lu, A. H., Zhu, L. Q., He, X. H., and He, L. J. [Integrated treatment of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine for early- and intermediate-stage diabetic nephropathy]. Nan.Fang Yi.Ke.Da.Xue.Xue.Bao. ;27(7):-. View abstract.
Zhao, Y., Cui, Z., and Zhang, L. [Effects of icariin on the differentiation of HL-60 cells]. Zhonghua Zhong.Liu Za Zhi. ;19(1):53-55. View abstract.
Zheng, M. S. An experimental study of the anti-HSV-II action of 500 herbal drugs. J Tradit.Chin Med ;9(2):113-116. View abstract.
Anon. In vitro screening of traditional medicines for anti-HIV activity: memorandum from a WHO meeting. Bull World Health Organ ;67:613-8. View abstract.
Cirigliano MD, Szapary PO. Horny goat weed for erectile dysfunction. Alt Med Alert ;4:19-22.
De Naeyer A, Pocock V, Milligan S, De Keukeleire D. Estrogenic activity of a polyphenolic extract of the leaves of Epimedium brevicornum. Fitoterapia ;76:35-40. View abstract.
Liang, R. N., Liu, J., and Lu, J. [Treatment of refractory polycystic ovary syndrome by bushen huoxue method combined with ultrasound-guided follicle aspiration]. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi ;28(4):314-317. View abstract.
Lin CC, Ng LT, Hsu FF, et al. Cytotoxic effects of Coptis chinensis and Epimedium sagittatum extracts and their major constituents (berberine, coptisine and icariin) on hepatoma and leukaemia cell growth. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol ;31:65-9. View abstract.
Meng FH, Li YB, Xiong ZL, et al. Osteoblastic proliferative activity of Epimedium brevicornum Maxim. Phytomedicine ;12:189-93. View abstract.
Ning H, Xin ZC, Lin G, et al. Effects of icariin on phosphodiesterase-5 activity in vitro and cyclic guanosine monophosphate level in cavernous smooth muscle cells. Urology ;68:-4. View abstract.
Parisi GC, Zilli M, Miani MP, et al. High-fiber diet supplementation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a multicenter, randomized, open trial comparison between wheat bran diet and partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG). Dig Dis Sci ;47:-704.. View abstract.
Partin JF, Pushkin YR. Tachyarrhythmia and hypomania with horny goat weed. Psychosomatics ;45:536-7. View abstract.
Phillips M, Sullivan B, Snyder B, et al. Effect of Enzyte on QT and QTc intervals. Arch Intern Med ;170:-4. View abstract.
Shen P, Guo BL, Gong Y, et al. Taxonomic, genetic, chemical and estrogenic characteristics of Epimedium species. Phytochemistry ;68:-58. View abstract.
Yap SP, Shen P, Li J, et al. Molecular and pharmacodynamic properties of estrogenic extracts from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Epimedium. J Ethnopharmacol ;113:218-24. View abstract.
Yin XX, Chen ZQ, Liu ZJ, et al. Icariine stimulates proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts by increasing production of bone morphogenetic protein 2. Chin Med J (Engl) ;120:204-10. View abstract.
Zhang CZ, Wang SX, Zhang Y, et al. In vitro estrogenic activities of Chinese medicinal plants traditionally used for the management of menopausal symptoms. J Ethnopharmacol ;98:295-300. View abstract.
Zhang G, Qin L, Shi Y. Epimedium-derived phytoestrogen flavonoids exert beneficial effect on preventing bone loss in late postmenopausal women: a 24-month randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. J Bone Miner Res ;22:-9. View abstract.
Zhang X, Li Y, Yang X, et al. Inhibitory effect of Epimedium extract on S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase and biomethylation. Life Sci ;78:180-6. View abstract.
Horny goat weed is perhaps the most literally named supplement of all time&#;Chinese farmers noticed that goats seen eating the herb later seemed to be unusually &#;in the mood.&#; Enough supplement manufacturers believe in its efficacy that it's included in dozens of supplements that claim to improve your libido and sexual performance. But does that mean you should be adding horny goat weed pills into your daily repertoire? Let&#;s look at what the research has to say.
Ro Sparks
Harder erections, faster than Viagra/Cialis
chenlv supply professional and honest service.
(sildenafil/tadalafil)
Get started
Horny goat weed is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb known as epimedium or yin yang huo. It comes from a flowering shrub native to China and has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat fatigue and low libido for thousands of years.
Today, horny goat weed is most commonly taken as an aphrodisiac. It's claimed to boost sex drive and improve the quality of erections, among other effects. Horny goat weed is available as a tablet, capsule, tea, or powder, either on its own or as part of other supplement formulations. (It might be listed on a label as Epimedium, Epimedium sagittatum, Epimedium grandiflorum, or Epimedium koreanum).
The active ingredient in horny goat weed is icariin, a compound that&#;s been studied in animals for a wide range of potential benefits. While we don&#;t know that it has the same effects in humans, horny goat weed has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, as well as heart protection and better erections in animal studies (Fang, ; Yang, ).
But does horny goat weed have these effects in humans? Let&#;s take a look.
A study found that icariin seemed to benefit rats who had damaged blood vessels. Those fed an icariin supplement were better able to synthesize nitric oxide in penile tissue (an essential part of getting an erection) than those fed a placebo (Shindel, ).
In another study, researchers found that older rats fed an icariin extract for ten days had more frequent ejaculations and a shorter latency period between ejaculation (Makarova, ).
Studies have found that icariin inhibits PDE5&#;the same mechanism of drugs like Viagra (generic name sildenafil) or Cialis (generic name tadalafil) (though icariin is much less potent than these prescription drugs) (Xin, ).
Unfortunately, these studies on the effects of icariin are mostly suggestive; they&#;ve been conducted on animals and in test tubes. Horny goat weed may not work the same way in the human body. There haven&#;t been any studies on horny goat weed&#;s effect on ED in humans.
Viagra Important Safety Information: Read more about serious warnings and safety info.
Cialis Important Safety Information: Read more about serious warnings and safety info.
Horny goat weed has also been touted as a potential treatment for the following medical conditions:
Although some studies have been done, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) says that there&#;s insufficient evidence that horny goat weed is effective for any of the above conditions, including ED. More research is needed (MedlinePlus, ).
According to the NIH, horny goat weed is probably safe when taken by mouth in appropriate doses. Side effects such as upset stomach, dry mouth, nosebleeds, dizziness, and rapid heartbeat have been reported (MedlinePlus, ). But horny goat weed could have adverse effects when taken with other medications, supplements, or health conditions.
Don&#;t take horny goat weed if you have a bleeding problem or are scheduled to have surgery; it may affect your blood&#;s clotting ability. Horny goat weed can also change hormone levels, so you shouldn&#;t take it if you have a hormone-sensitive cancer (MedlinePlus, ).
Don&#;t take horny goat weed if you&#;re on certain medications, including (MedlinePlus, ):
Estrogens
Drugs that lower blood pressure
Blood thinners
Let your healthcare provider know about any dietary supplements and medications you&#;re taking.
DISCLAIMER
If you have any medical questions or concerns, please talk to your healthcare provider. The articles on Health Guide are underpinned by peer-reviewed research and information drawn from medical societies and governmental agencies. However, they are not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
Anand Ganapathy, A., Hari Priya, V. M., & Kumaran, A. (). Medicinal plants as a potential source of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors: a review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology , 267, . doi:10./j.jep... Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov// .
Fang, J. & Zhang, Y. (). Icariin, an anti-atherosclerotic drug from Chinese medicinal herb horny goat weed. Frontiers in Pharmacology , 8 , 734. doi:10./fphar... Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC/
Hu, L., Li, L., Zhang, H., et al. (). Inhibition of airway remodeling and inflammatory response by Icariin in asthma. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine , 19. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov// .
Jiang, Z., Hu, B., Wang, J., et al. (). Effect of icariin on cyclic GMP levels and on the mRNA expression of cGMP-binding cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE5) in penile cavernosum. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Medical sciences = Hua zhong ke ji da xue xue bao. Yi xue Ying De wen ban = Huazhong keji daxue xuebao. Yixue Yingdewen ban , 26 (4), 460&#;462. doi:10./s-006--y. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
Liu, B., Zhang, H., Xu, C., et al. (). Neuroprotective effects of icariin on corticosterone-induced apoptosis in primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Brain Research , , 59&#;67. doi:10./j.brainres..12.053. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
Makarova, M. N., Pozharitskaya, O. N., Shikov, A. N., et al. (). Effect of lipid-based suspension of Epimedium koreanum Nakai extract on sexual behavior in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology , 114 (3), 412&#;416. doi:10./j.jep..08.021. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
MedLine Plus. (). Horny goat weed. Retrieved on Mar. 17, from https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/699.html
Ning, H., Xin, Z. C., Lin, G., et al. (). Effects of icariin on phosphodiesterase-5 activity in vitro and cyclic guanosine monophosphate level in cavernous smooth muscle cells. Urology , 68 (6), &#;. doi:10./j.urology..09.031. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
Pu, L., Meng, Q., Li, S., et al. (). Icariin arrests cell cycle progression and induces cell apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes. European Journal of Pharmacology , 912, . doi:10./j.ejphar... Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov// .
Shindel, A. W., Xin, Z. C., Lin, G., et al. (). Erectogenic and neurotrophic effects of icariin, a purified extract of horny goat weed (Epimedium spp.) in vitro and in vivo. The Journal of Sexual Medicine , 7 (4 Pt 1), &#;. doi:10./j.-...x. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC/
Xin, Z. C., Kim, E. K., Lin, C. S., et al. (). Effects of icariin on cGMP-specific PDE5 and cAMP-specific PDE4 activities. Asian Journal of Andrology , 5 (1), 15&#;18. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/
Yan, F. F., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. F., & Zhao, Y. X. (). Herba Epimedii water extract elevates estrogen level and improves lipid metabolism in postmenopausal women. Phytotherapy Research: PTR , 22 (9), &#;. doi:10./ptr.. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ .
Yang, X., Cui, Y., Zhou, et al. (). Analysis of pharmacological mechanisms of Yinyanghuo as treatment of erectile dysfunction with network pharmacology-based strategy. Andrologia , 53(2), e. doi:10./and.. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov// .
Zhang, G., Qin, L., & Shi, Y. (). Epimedium-derived phytoestrogen flavonoids exert beneficial effect on preventing bone loss in late postmenopausal women: a 24-month randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled trial. J ournal of Bone and Mineral Research: the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research , 22(7), &#;. doi:10./jbmr.. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov// .
For more Epimedium Leaf Powderinformation, please contact us. We will provide professional answers.