Silicone fluid is extremely stable against thermal oxidation. For example, the dimethyl silicone fluid DM-FLUID is virtually unchanged when exposed to temperatures up to 150°C in air. Methylphenyl silicone fluid exhibits even better heat resistance than dimethyl silicone fluid and can be used for long durations in environments reaching 250°C.
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Kinetic viscosity change of DM-FLUID-100cs and DM-FLUID-1,000csSilicone fluid has excellent low-temperature resistance. DM-FLUID remains fluid even at -50°C. Methylphenyl silicone fluid was specially developed for low-temperature applications, so it remains fluid even in environments of -65°C. Since temperature has little effect on viscosity, these products are ideal for applications in cold regions.
Silicone fluid shows little change in viscosity due to changes in temperature. It is thus ideal for use as instrument oil in instruments used in airplanes, automobiles, and trains, and for other applications that make use of silicone fluid's viscous properties. Low-viscosity (10 mm2/s and below) products aside, DM-FLUID offers the advantage of less temperature-dependent viscosity change than common mineral and synthetic oils or other silicone fluids.
The thermal conductivity of dimethyl silicone fluid is lower than that of common organic compounds (nearly the same as that of benzene and toluene) and is roughly 25% that of water. Although thermal conductivity increases with higher viscosities, it becomes nearly constant at viscosities above 100 mm2/s. The thermal conductivity of DM-FLUID is 2.4-3.5x10-4 cal/cm·sec·°C at viscosities below 20 mm2/s, and roughly 3.7-3.8x10-4 cal/cm·sec·°C at viscosities over 50 mm2/s.
The specific heat of silicone fluid varies somewhat depending on viscosity, but is generally about one-third that of water. The values are comparable to common organic compounds that have low specific heat. The specific heat of DM-FLUID is 0.39-0.47 cal/g·°C for viscosities below 20 mm2/s, and approximately 0.36 cal/g·°C at viscosities over 100 mm2/s.
Silicone fluid is nearly chemically inert and is virtually unaffected by 10% alkaline aqueous solutions or 30% acid aqueous solutions at ambient temperatures. However, viscosity increases and gelation can occur if even trace amounts of acids or alkalis are introduced at high temperatures. Silicone fluid is almost unaffected by the presence of aluminum, stainless steel, and most other metals. However, lead, selenium, and tellurium can cause gelation. Precautions must therefore be taken during handling.
Effects of DM-FLUID-50cs on metalsSilicone fluid has no adverse effect on metals, nor on most other substances. However, it may reduce the volume and weight of some rubber and plastic compounds due to extraction of the plasticizers when subjected to high temperatures. This tendency is especially strong for low-viscosity fluids. Particular care must be exercised when silicone fluid comes into contact with rubber sealing materials.
Effects of DM-FLUID-100cs on various plasticsThe surface tension of silicone fluid is much lower than that of water or common synthetic oils. Silicone fluids spread easily over the surfaces of various substances, and are thus widely used as release agents, defoamers, and ingredients for cosmetics.
Liquid Surface tension (mN/m) DM-FLUID 16 to 21 Mineral oil 29.7 Water 72The application of silicone fluid to mold surfaces prevents the adhesion of other materials, thereby enhancing mold releasability. Silicone fluids are widely used as release agents because they have excellent heat resistance and do not contaminate molds or molded materials.
Added in small amounts, silicone fluid has excellent defoaming action. Silicone fluid is primarily used as a defoamer for oil-based foaming fluids.
Silicone fluid also has excellent water repellency. The degree of water repellency can be represented by water contact angle, which is over 90° for DM-FLUID. An excellent and durable water-repellent coating can be obtained by applying F-9W-9 or DM-FLUID to glass, ceramic, or fiber using a bake-on process. Silicone fluid can also be used to improve the fluidity of powders and prevent coagulation.
Water contact angleWater repellency mechanism of DM-FLUIDGenerally speaking, silicone fluid is physiologically inert and poses almost no risk to people or animals. Low-viscosity products excepted, DM-FLUID is nearly harmless unless ingested in large quantities. It is thus widely used as an ingredient in cosmetics.
Results of various safety testsSilicone fluid has extremely high shear resistance, and it resists shear degradation at high speeds and high loads, meaning it has a long operating life. When synthetic or mineral oils pass through narrow gaps under pressure, shear stress destroys the oil molecules, causing a drop in viscosity. In contrast, with dimethyl silicone fluid of viscosities below 1,000 mm2/s, there is almost no change in viscosity. However, with high-viscosity products there may be an apparent drop in viscosity depending on the shear velocity. Note that this is not due to destruction of the molecules, so the viscosity returns to the initial level when the shear stress is removed. The shear resistance of silicone fluids is over 20 times greater than that of even top-quality petroleum-based oils.
DM-FLUID: apparent kinetic viscosity and shear velocityUnlike mineral oil, silicone fluid exhibits extremely high compressibility and does not coagulate when pressurized. Silicone fluid has much higher compressibility than petroleum-based insulating oils or synthetic lubricants, and is thus well-suited for use as damper oil.
DM-FLUID: pressure and compressibility (25°C)Silicone fluid is highly soluble in hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene, ligroin, and mineral spirits as well as in chlorinated hydrocarbons. However, it is insoluble in ethanol, methanol, and water.
*KF-56 is soluble in ethanol.
Although silicone fluid has many advantageous properties (eg. stable viscosity, high- and low-temperature resistance) that make it ideal for use as a lubricant, its poor boundary lubrication properties on steel-steel interfaces limit its use as a lubricant for such applications. However, silicone fluid does provide good lubrication for steel-bronze, steel-aluminum, steel-zinc, and wood-wood interfaces and for various combinations of plastics.
Correlation between friction pressure and kinetic friction coefficient when silicone fluid (DM-FLUID-60,000cs) is added to various resinsIn terms of radiation resistance, methylphenyl silicone fluid is superior to dimethyl silicone fluid, and the stability of radiation resistance increases proportionately with the amount of phenyl groups present in the molecules. Due to this property and its resistance to high and low temperatures, methylphenyl silicone fluid is widely used in the high-temperature parts of radiological equipment.
Silicone oil is a kind of polysiloxane compound, which has wide application and importance in various fields. As a good industrial lubricant, heat transfer medium, sealant and preservative, silicone oil plays an important role in industrial production, scientific research and daily life. In addition, in the fields of pharmaceuticals and medical devices, cosmetics and personal care products, silicone oil also plays an important role. Its wide range of applications and diverse functions make it an indispensable chemical product. So what types of silicone oil are there? What are the features and application areas of the different types?
II. Overview of Silicone Oil
Silicone oil is a polymer of silicon atoms and oxygen atoms arranged alternately, also known as siloxane oil and usually expressed by the chemical formula SiO(CH3)2. Silicone oil has excellent high temperature resistance, good electrical insulation and chemical stability.
III. Different Types of Silicone Oil
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Silicone oil is mainly divided into liquid silicone oil, fat silicone oil and polysilicone oil three types.
Liquid silicone oil is mainly divided into high polysiloxane and low polysiloxane two types. Hyperpolysiloxanes are made up of longer siloxane chains with higher molecular weight and viscosity and are commonly used in demanding industrial lubrication and sealing applications. Oligosiloxane is composed of shorter silica chains with lower viscosity and fluidity, and is often used for lubrication and surface protection of fine mechanical devices.
Fatty silicone oil includes methyl silicone oil and ethyl silicone oil. Methyl silicone oil is a common fatty silicone oil, and its molecules contain methyl groups. Ethyl silicone oil contains ethyl groups. Both types of fatty silicone oils have good lubricating properties and chemical stability in different industrial sectors and are commonly used in lubrication, sealing and corrosion protection applications.
Polysilicon oil includes annular silicone oil, straight chain silicone oil and cross-linked silicone oil. Annular silicone oil consists of annular siloxane molecules with high viscosity and thermal stability, suitable for specific industrial applications. Straight chain silicone oil is composed of linear polymer, which has good lubricity and stability. The cross-linked silicone oil has a cross-linked structure, forming a three-dimensional network structure, and is often used for lubrication and sealing in high temperature and high pressure environments.
These different types of silicone oils play an important role in industrial production, scientific research and daily life, meeting the needs of different fields for lubrication, sealing and corrosion protection.
IV. Characteristics and application areas of silicone oil
Silicone oil has a variety of properties, making it widely used in different fields. Its main characteristics and application areas are as follows:
temperature stability: silicone oil has excellent temperature stability and can maintain stable lubrication performance and chemical stability in high temperature environments. This makes silicone oil very important in industrial applications under high temperature and pressure environments.
Chemical inertness: silicone oil has good chemical stability and high resistance to oxidation, acid and alkali and other chemicals, so it is often used as a sealant and preservative.
Chemical resistance: silicone oil has high resistance to chemical corrosion and can maintain stability in harsh chemical environments, so it is widely used in the chemical industry.
Insulation properties: Silicone oil is an excellent electrical insulating medium and is often used as an insulating lubricant in electronic equipment and electrical equipment.
Lubrication performance: silicone oil has good lubrication performance, can reduce friction and wear, extend the service life of mechanical equipment, and is widely used in industrial production and machinery manufacturing.
Medical and beauty applications: Silicone oils are widely used in pharmaceuticals and medical devices, cosmetics and personal care products, such as skin care products, hair care products and medicinal ointments.
Industrial and electronic applications: Silicone oil is widely used in industrial production, aerospace, automotive industry, optical devices and other fields, such as lubricants, heat transfer media, sealants and preservatives.
Silicone oil, with its diverse characteristics and wide application fields, has become an indispensable chemical product, playing an important role in industrial production, scientific research and daily life.
V. Risks and Precautions of Silicone Oil
When using silicone oil, pay attention to personal health and safety, follow the relevant safe operating procedures, and avoid unnecessary pollution to the environment. When using cosmetics or skin care products containing silicone oil, you should first conduct a skin test and pay attention to whether any discomfort occurs. If you experience side effects or discomfort, discontinue use immediately and consult your doctor. Silicone oil production and processing need to pay attention to protective measures to avoid long-term exposure to silicone oil vapor or liquid, at the same time in the treatment and disposal of silicone oil need to comply with environmental regulations, take appropriate measures to protect the environment.
In general, silicone oil, as a multi-functional chemical product, has a wide range of applications and importance in different fields. It has different types, such as liquid silicone oil, fatty silicone oil and polysilicon oil, each type has specific characteristics and application areas. The characteristics of silicone oil include temperature stability, chemical inertia, chemical corrosion resistance, insulation properties and lubrication properties, which makes it play an important role in industrial production, scientific research and daily life. Silicone oils are widely used in industrial and electronic fields, such as lubricants, heat transfer media, sealants and preservatives, and are also used in medicine and beauty fields. Although silicone oil has many advantages in many aspects, it also needs to pay attention to the associated risks and precautions when using to ensure personal safety and environmental protection. It is necessary to follow safe operating procedures, perform skin tests, and watch for any discomfort. In addition, in the production and processing of silicone oil, it is also necessary to take appropriate protective measures and comply with environmental regulations. Silicone oil is an indispensable part of modern scientific and technological progress, and its wide application and importance cannot be ignored.
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